{"id":11198,"date":"2019-03-29T07:56:41","date_gmt":"2019-03-29T07:56:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/?p=11198"},"modified":"2019-03-29T09:02:04","modified_gmt":"2019-03-29T09:02:04","slug":"optimizing-mysql-queries-where-clause-contains-function-by-using-generated-columns","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/index.php\/2019\/03\/29\/optimizing-mysql-queries-where-clause-contains-function-by-using-generated-columns\/","title":{"rendered":"Optimizing MySQL queries where clause contains function by using Generated Columns"},"content":{"rendered":"

Description:<\/strong><\/h1>\n

As we know, we can’t create a function-based index on MySQL, not like PostgreSQL (https:\/\/www.postgresql.org\/docs\/current\/indexes-expressional.html<\/a>). Usually, we should avoid using functions in the where clause, but what can we do when facing this problem?<\/p>\n

Let’s have a try:<\/p>\n

MySQL version: 8.0.12<\/p>\n

Function name: modulo, mod()<\/strong><\/p>\n

mysql> select * from test2;\n+-----+----------+\n| id | totalnum |\n+-----+----------+\n| 1 | 1 |\n| 2 | 6 |\n| 3 | 10 |\n| 50 | 50 |\n| 100 | 100 |\n+-----+----------+\n5 rows in set (0.00 sec)<\/pre>\n
mysql> explain select * from test2 where mod(totalnum,4)=2 \\G\n*************************** 1. row ***************************\n           id: 1\n  select_type: SIMPLE\n        table: test2\n   partitions: NULL\n         type: ALL\npossible_keys: NULL\n          key: NULL\n      key_len: NULL\n          ref: NULL\n         rows: 5\n     filtered: 100.00\n        Extra: Using where\n1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)<\/pre>\n
And when there are huge rows, performance is going to be a big problem.<\/strong><\/p>\n
mysql> alter table test2 add index idx_mod5_totalnum(mod(totalnum,5));\nERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'mod(totalnum,5))' at line 1<\/pre>\n
Don’t work, that’s fine~<\/p>\n
What can we do?<\/h2>\n
From MySQ-5.7.5, we can create a generated column to store the result of an expression(http:\/\/mysqlserverteam.com\/generated-columns-in-mysql-5-7-5\/<\/a>). That means we can add a column to store the mod()<\/code><\/strong> values:<\/p>\n
mysql> alter table test2 add column mod4totalnum int as (mod(totalnum,4));\n\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (0.23 sec)\n\nRecords: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0\n\n\n\nmysql> select * from test2;\n\n+-----+----------+--------------+\n\n| id  | totalnum | mod4totalnum |\n\n+-----+----------+--------------+\n\n|  1 |        1 |            1 |\n\n|  2 |        6 |            2 |\n\n|  3 |      10 |            2 |\n\n|  50 |      50 |            2 |\n\n| 100 |      100 |            0 |\n\n+-----+----------+--------------+\n\n5 rows in set (0.00 sec)<\/pre>\n
And also, we can build an index on the generated column<\/strong>:<\/p>\n
mysql> alter table test2 add index idx_mod4totalnum(mod4totalnum);\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)\nRecords: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0<\/pre>\n
Then we can use the function-like index:<\/p>\n
mysql> explain select * from test2 where mod(totalnum,4)=2 \\G\n*************************** 1. row ***************************\n           id: 1\n  select_type: SIMPLE\n        table: test2\n   partitions: NULL\n         type: ref\npossible_keys: idx_mod4totalnum\n          key: idx_mod4totalnum<\/strong>\n      key_len: 5\n          ref: const\n         rows: 3\n     filtered: 100.00\n        Extra: NULL\n1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)<\/pre>\n
Or you can just use the generated column name in the WHERE clause:<\/p>\n
mysql> explain select * from test2 where mod4totalnum = 2 \\G\n*************************** 1. row ***************************\n           id: 1\n  select_type: SIMPLE\n        table: test2\n   partitions: NULL\n         type: ref\npossible_keys: idx_mod4totalnum\n          key: idx_mod4totalnum<\/strong>\n      key_len: 5\n          ref: const\n         rows: 3\n     filtered: 100.00\n        Extra: NULL\n1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)\n<\/pre>\n\n\n
That’s how to optimize modulo value at a MySQL database. Also you can store some other functions’ result at the column and build an index on it.<\/p>\n
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Description: As we know, we can’t create a function-based index on MySQL, not like PostgreSQL (https:\/\/www.postgresql.org\/docs\/current\/indexes-expressional.html). Usually, we should avoid using functions in the where clause, but what can we do when facing this problem? Let’s have a try: MySQL version: 8.0.12 Function name: modulo, mod() mysql> select * from test2; +—–+———-+ | id | …<\/p>\n
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