{"id":11421,"date":"2019-04-10T13:31:17","date_gmt":"2019-04-10T13:31:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/?p=11421"},"modified":"2019-04-12T07:54:04","modified_gmt":"2019-04-12T07:54:04","slug":"sql-server-compression","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/index.php\/2019\/04\/10\/sql-server-compression\/","title":{"rendered":"SQL Server Compression"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>We can compress some tables to reduce the size of the table. I \/ O performance increases as data size decreases. It also increases CPU utilization rate.<\/p>\n<p>When the data is compressed, application will use fewer pages to read the data. However, it must decompress the data to read, and compress to write. Therefore there will be more CPU usage. If your bottleneck is caused by I\/O and your CPU is strong enough, compression may be a good option for you.<\/p>\n<p>We can also use compression in columnstore structures in addition to the normal tables and indexes that we know.<\/p>\n<p><strong>As an important note<\/strong>, you do not need to change the application after compression.<\/p>\n<h2>Compression Types<\/h2>\n<p>There are two types of compression:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Row Compression<\/li>\n<li>Page Compression<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Row Compression<\/h3>\n<p>In Row Compression,<\/p>\n<ul type=\"disc\">\n<li>Variable-length storage format is used for some numeric data types (integer, decimal, float)<\/li>\n<li>Blank characters in fixed-length character data types are not stored.<\/li>\n<li>Null and 0 values do not occupy space.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For detailed information about how much space is occupied by data types, you can visit the following address.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.microsoft.com\/en-us\/sql\/relational-databases\/data-compression\/row-compression-implementation\">https:\/\/docs.microsoft.com\/en-us\/sql\/relational-databases\/data-compression\/row-compression-implementation<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Page Compression<\/h3>\n<p>Consists of 3 stages:<\/p>\n<ol type=\"1\">\n<li value=\"1\">Row Compression<\/li>\n<li>Prefix Compression<\/li>\n<li>Dictionary Compression<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>We mentioned Row Compression above. Page Compression includes Row Compression, as can be seen in the sequence above. In addition, it performs Prefix and Dictionary Compression operations. Now let&#8217;s refer to these concepts.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Prefix Compression:<\/strong> Stores the repeated values \u200b\u200bin columns, in the compression information (CI) structure immediately after the page header in the page. In this way, the same values that are repeated are prevented from taking up extra space.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dictionary Compression:<\/strong> Occurs immediately after Prefix Compression. Like Prefix Compression, it stores the repeating values \u200b\u200bin the compression information (CI) structure. Unlike Prefix Compression, it is not limited to 1 column. It performs this operation anywhere on Page.<\/p>\n<h2>When To Use Row or Page Compression<\/h2>\n<p>We mentioned about compression types of SQL Server.<\/p>\n<p>Which one is the best for you?<\/p>\n<p>Generally I use <strong>Page Compression <\/strong>if I need to compression. But if you want to calculate which option is the best for your system, you can look at the below link.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/technet.microsoft.com\/en-us\/library\/dd894051(v=sql.100).aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/technet.microsoft.com\/en-us\/library\/dd894051(v=sql.100).aspx<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Example<\/h2>\n<p>Let&#8217;s examine page and row compression by doing an example.<\/p>\n<p>We will perform compression on the Person.Person table in the AdventureWorks database. To get detailed information about the size of the table before performing the process, we run a script as follows.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true\">sp_spaceused 'Person.Person'<\/pre>\n<p>As you can see in the picture below, there are 85840 KB reserved data. 30504 KB of this data was used for data, 53192 KB was used for index, 2144 KB was not used yet.<\/p>\n<p id=\"iXIMxuJ\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"623\" height=\"245\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11423  aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/img_5cade54894537.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Right click on the table and click Manage Compression as below.<\/p>\n<p id=\"OksPmRy\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-11425  aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/img_5cade55e11b93.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"637\" height=\"306\" \/><\/p>\n<p>We are proceeding by clicking next on the information screen. On the next screen, we select Row Compression as Compression type and click on Calculate.<\/p>\n<p>It shows the current size of the data in Current Space and the estimated size after compression in the requested compressed space. Click Next to proceed.<\/p>\n<p id=\"MnroMqV\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-11427  aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/img_5cade57b0abbe.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"709\" height=\"561\" \/><\/p>\n<p>We get the script of the process we will perform by selecting the following options on the screen.<\/p>\n<p id=\"fuhUZBd\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-11429  aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/img_5cade59491ac6.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"713\" height=\"578\" \/><\/p>\n<p>It creates a script as follows.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \">USE [AdventureWorks2014Yeni]\nALTER TABLE [Person].[Person] REBUILD PARTITION = ALL\nWITH \n(DATA_COMPRESSION = ROW\n)\n<\/pre>\n<p>If your table is partitioned, I do not recommend &#8220;REBUILD PARTITION = ALL&#8221;. Because partitioned tables are usually large. Therefore, anyone can not access the table for a long time. This means that your users cannot access the application. If you perform partition-based compression\u00a0 in partitioned tables as follows, you can compress different partition in different times. You can perform this operation as follows for a table with 3 partitions.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \">USE [AdventureWorks2014Yeni]\nALTER TABLE [Person].[Person] REBUILD PARTITION = 1\nWITH \n(DATA_COMPRESSION = ROW)\n\nUSE [AdventureWorks2014Yeni]\nALTER TABLE [Person].[Person] REBUILD PARTITION = 2\nWITH \n(DATA_COMPRESSION = ROW)\n\nUSE [AdventureWorks2014Yeni]\nALTER TABLE [Person].[Person] REBUILD PARTITION = 3\nWITH \n(DATA_COMPRESSION = ROW)\n<\/pre>\n<p>If you want to do compression without interruption, you should change your script as follows.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \">USE [AdventureWorks2014Yeni]\nALTER TABLE [Person].[Person] REBUILD PARTITION = ALL\nWITH \n(DATA_COMPRESSION = ROW,ONLINE=ON)\n<\/pre>\n<p>Check the sizes of the table after Compression.<\/p>\n<p id=\"QBsFUAe\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"629\" height=\"244\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11430  aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/img_5cadec3e1767f.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>In the same script, write page instead of row to perform page compression and check the sizes again.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \">USE [AdventureWorks2014Yeni]\nALTER TABLE [Person].[Person] REBUILD PARTITION = ALL\nWITH \n(DATA_COMPRESSION = PAGE,ONLINE=ON)\nGO\nsp_spaceused 'Person.Person'\n<\/pre>\n<p>As you can see below, our compression ratio is better this time. This ratio will change according to the structure of the data and the design of the table.<\/p>\n<p id=\"WpNsgNr\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-11433  aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/img_5cadec6e692ef.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"699\" height=\"290\" \/><\/p>\n<p>You can find the list of table sizes in the article &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/index.php\/2019\/04\/12\/how-to-find-table-and-index-sizes-in-sql-server\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">How To Find Table and Index Sizes in SQL Server<\/a>&#8220;.<\/p>\n<h2>Calculate Estimated Compression Saving<\/h2>\n<p>If you want to calculate estimated compression saving via script, you can use the below script.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true\">USE your_db_name;  \nGO  \nEXEC sp_estimate_data_compression_savings 'schema_name', 'table_name', NULL, NULL, 'compression_type';<\/pre>\n\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_11421\" class=\"pvc_stats all  \" data-element-id=\"11421\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V108.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v230.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm-192 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V140.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v198.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm96 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V204.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v134.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zM496 400H48V80c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16H16C7.16 64 0 71.16 0 80v336c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h464c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-16c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16zm-387.2-48h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8v-70.4c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v70.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8z\" class=\"\"><\/path><\/svg><\/i> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif\" border=0 \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>We can compress some tables to reduce the size of the table. I \/ O performance increases as data size decreases. It also increases CPU utilization rate. When the data is compressed, application will use fewer pages to read the data. However, it must decompress the data to read, and compress to write. Therefore there &hellip;<\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_11421\" class=\"pvc_stats all  \" data-element-id=\"11421\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V108.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v230.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm-192 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V140.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v198.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm96 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V204.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v134.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zM496 400H48V80c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16H16C7.16 64 0 71.16 0 80v336c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h464c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-16c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16zm-387.2-48h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8v-70.4c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v70.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8z\" class=\"\"><\/path><\/svg><\/i> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif\" border=0 \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11436,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[3283,3277,3275,3282,3284,3276,3280,3281,3279,3286,3272,3273,3274,3278,3285],"class_list":["post-11421","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-mssql","tag-calculate-estimated-compression-saving","tag-calculate-estimated-compression-size","tag-columnstore-compression","tag-dictionary-compression","tag-estimated-compression-saving","tag-estimated-compression-size","tag-page-compression","tag-prefix-compression","tag-row-compression","tag-row-compression-vs-page-compression","tag-sql-server-compression","tag-sql-server-compression-performance","tag-sql-server-compression-ratio","tag-sql-server-compression-types","tag-when-to-use-row-or-page-compression"],"aioseo_notices":[],"a3_pvc":{"activated":true,"total_views":153,"today_views":0},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.9 - 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