{"id":14331,"date":"2019-12-23T12:04:19","date_gmt":"2019-12-23T12:04:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/?p=14331"},"modified":"2019-12-23T12:17:59","modified_gmt":"2019-12-23T12:17:59","slug":"sql-server-2017-graphdb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/index.php\/2019\/12\/23\/sql-server-2017-graphdb\/","title":{"rendered":"SQL Server 2017 GraphDB"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>What is GraphDB?<\/h2>\n<p>GraphDB introduced in SQL Server 2017. We will examine GraphDB with examples in this article. At the end of the article, we will learn the architecture of GraphDB and how to query. In our article, we will also design a Normal table to address the difference between Relational DB and GraphDB.<\/p>\n<p>GraphDB consists of Node and Edge tables. A Node represents an entity. This can be a person or organization. An Edge indicates the relationship between the two nodes to which it is connected. You can create Node and Edge tables under any Schema in the database, but they all belong to a logical graph.<\/p>\n<h2>Example<\/h2>\n<h3>SQL Server Relational Database Example<\/h3>\n<p>In this example, we will see how the relational database query works and create three tables for it.<\/p>\n<p>Our Tables: Personel, WorksIn ve Company<\/p>\n<p>After creating these tables, we will insert our demo data into our tables and prepare related queries.<\/p>\n<p>Let&#8217;s create our Demo database.<\/p>\n<h4>Create Database<\/h4>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \">Create Database SQLTurkiye_GraphDB\nGo<\/pre>\n<h4>Create Demo Tables<\/h4>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \">USE [SQLTurkiye_GraphDB]\nGO\n\nCREATE TABLE [dbo].[Personel](\n [Personel_id] [int] NOT NULL,\n [Name] [nvarchar](75) NULL,\n [Gender] [nvarchar](6) NULL,\nPRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED \n(\n [Personel_id] ASC\n)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]\n) ON [PRIMARY]\nGO\n\nCREATE TABLE [dbo].[WorksIn](\n [Personel_id] [int] NULL,\n [Cmp_ID] [int] NULL,\n [Since] [int] NULL\n) ON [PRIMARY]\nGO\n\nCREATE TABLE [dbo].[Company](\n [cmp_ID] [int] NULL,\n [cmpName] [varchar](100) NULL\n) ON [PRIMARY]\nGO<\/pre>\n<h4>Insert Records into Tables<\/h4>\n<p>Insert data into created tables.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \">INSERT INTO Personel VALUES (1,'Yusuf Kahveci','Male');\nINSERT INTO Personel VALUES (2,'Yasar Kahveci','Male');\nINSERT INTO Personel VALUES (3,'Julia Mertz Shand','Female');\nINSERT INTO Personel VALUES (4,'March Hons','Male');\nINSERT INTO Personel VALUES (5,'Lady Mish','Female');\nINSERT INTO Personel VALUES (6,'Elizabeth Tork','Female');\n\nINSERT INTO Company VALUES (1,'SQL Turkiye')\nINSERT INTO Company VALUES (2,'noSQLturkiye')\nINSERT INTO Company VALUES (3,'dataplatform services')\nINSERT INTO Company VALUES (4,'Orange Performance')\n\nINSERT INTO WorksIn  VALUES(1,1,2015)\nINSERT INTO WorksIn  VALUES(2,2,2014)\nINSERT INTO WorksIn  VALUES(3,3,2016)\nINSERT INTO WorksIn  VALUES(4,3,2016)\nINSERT INTO WorksIn  VALUES(5,3,2014)\nINSERT INTO WorksIn  VALUES(6,4,2014)<\/pre>\n<p>You can see the columns we relate the tables in the graph below.<\/p>\n<p id=\"RcHUfGB\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"748\" height=\"184\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14333  aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/img_5e009b9f154a9.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>As you can see, we can access the WorksIn table by using Personel_id in the Personel table by matching it with Personel_id in WorksIn.<\/p>\n<p>Then we can access the Company table by using Cmp_Id in WorksIn table by matching it with the cmp_ID in Company table.<\/p>\n<p>The query should be as follows;<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \">SELECT p.[Name] FROM Personel p \nINNER JOIN WorksIn w ON p.Personel_id=w.Personel_id\nINNER JOIN Company c ON w.Cmp_ID=c.Cmp_ID\nWHERE c.cmpName='SQL Turkiye'<\/pre>\n<p id=\"YtBGalq\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-14334  aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/img_5e00a2faa7e25.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"562\" height=\"283\" \/><\/p>\n<p>In the query above, we accessed the data using Foreign Keys to find employees in the company. In this example we have reached this result with 3 tables and 3 FK, but as the complexity increases, we will be able to access the result using more tables and more FK. The structure will grow and the effort will increase.<\/p>\n<p>Do not forget the above example and let&#8217;s analyze the same process in the GraphDB model using Nodes and Edges.<\/p>\n<h3>SQL Server GraphDB Example<\/h3>\n<h4>Create Nodes and Edges Tables<\/h4>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true\">CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Company_Node](\n [ID] [int] NOT NULL,\n [name] [varchar](100) NULL,\n [sector] [varchar](100) NULL,\n [city] [varchar](100) NULL\n)\nAS NODE;\n\nCREATE TABLE [dbo].[Personel_Node](\n [ID] [int] NOT NULL,\n [name] [varchar](100) NULL,\n [Gender] [char](10) NULL\n ) As Node;\n\n\n CREATE TABLE [dbo].[City_Node](\n [ID] [int] NOT NULL,\n [name] [varchar](100) NULL,\n [stateName] [varchar](100) NULL\n ) As Node;\n\nCREATE TABLE [WorksIn_Edge] ([year] [int] )AS EDGE\nCREATE TABLE  LocatedIn_Edge as edge;\nCREATE TABLE  LivesIn_Edge as edge;<\/pre>\n<p>Now insert data into the Node tables. Adding data to Node tables is not different than adding data to normal tables.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \">INSERT INTO [Personel_Node] VALUES (1,'Yusuf Kahveci','Male');\nINSERT INTO [Personel_Node] VALUES (2,'Yasar Kahveci','Male');\nINSERT INTO [Personel_Node] VALUES (3,'Taj Shand','Male');\nINSERT INTO [Personel_Node] VALUES (4,'Archer Lamble','Male');\nINSERT INTO [Personel_Node] VALUES (5,'Piper Koch','FeMale');\nINSERT INTO [Personel_Node] VALUES (6,'Katie Darwin','FeMale');\n\nINSERT INTO [Company_Node] VALUES (1,'SQL Turkiye','IT','Istanbul');\nINSERT INTO [Company_Node] VALUES (2,'noSQLturkiye','IT','Istanbul');\nINSERT INTO [Company_Node] VALUES (3,'Fabrikam Land','Pharma','Jonesbough');\nINSERT INTO [Company_Node] VALUES (4,'Nod Publishers', 'IT','Jonesbough');\n\nINSERT INTO [City_Node] VALUES (1,'Istanbul','Atasehir');\nINSERT INTO [City_Node] VALUES (2,'Istanbul','Atasehir');\nINSERT INTO [City_Node] VALUES (3,'Jonesbough','Lancing');\nINSERT INTO [City_Node] VALUES (4,'Abbeville','Lancing');\nINSERT INTO [City_Node] VALUES (5,'Zortman','Wyoming');\nINSERT INTO [City_Node] VALUES (6,'Zortman','Wyoming');<\/pre>\n<p>To add data to the Edge table, we must provide values for $from_id and $to_id columns from both Nodes.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \">INSERT INTO [WorksIn_Edge]  VALUES ((SELECT $node_id FROM [Personel_Node] WHERE ID = 1), \n       (SELECT $node_id FROM [Company_Node] WHERE ID = 1),2015);\nINSERT INTO [WorksIn_Edge] VALUES ((SELECT $node_id FROM [Personel_Node] WHERE ID = 2), \n      (SELECT $node_id FROM [Company_Node] WHERE ID = 2),2014);\nINSERT INTO [WorksIn_Edge] VALUES ((SELECT $node_id FROM [Personel_Node] WHERE ID = 3), \n      (SELECT $node_id FROM [Company_Node] WHERE ID = 3),2015);\nINSERT INTO [WorksIn_Edge] VALUES ((SELECT $node_id FROM [Personel_Node] WHERE ID = 4), \n      (SELECT $node_id FROM [Company_Node] WHERE ID = 3),2016);\nINSERT INTO [WorksIn_Edge] VALUES ((SELECT $node_id FROM [Personel_Node] WHERE ID = 5), \n      (SELECT $node_id FROM [Company_Node] WHERE ID = 3),2014);\n   INSERT INTO [WorksIn_Edge] VALUES ((SELECT $node_id FROM [Personel_Node] WHERE ID = 6), \n      (SELECT $node_id FROM [Company_Node] WHERE ID = 4),2014);\n\nInsert into LocatedIn_Edge values ((select $node_id FROM [Company_Node] WHERE ID = 1),\n(select $node_id FROM  [City_Node] where ID=2))\n\nInsert into LocatedIn_Edge values ((select $node_id FROM [Company_Node] WHERE ID = 2),\n(select $node_id FROM  [City_Node] where ID=1))\n\nInsert into LocatedIn_Edge values ((select $node_id FROM [Company_Node] WHERE ID = 3),\n(select $node_id FROM  [City_Node] where ID=3))\n\nInsert into LocatedIn_Edge values ((select $node_id FROM [Company_Node] WHERE ID = 4),\n(select $node_id FROM  [City_Node] where ID=2))\n\nInsert into LivesIn_Edge values ((select $node_id FROM [City_Node] WHERE ID = 1),\n(select $node_id FROM  [City_Node] where ID=6))\n\nInsert into LivesIn_Edge values ((select $node_id FROM [City_Node] WHERE ID = 2),\n(select $node_id FROM  [City_Node] where ID=5))\n\nInsert into LivesIn_Edge values ((select $node_id FROM [City_Node] WHERE ID = 3),\n(select $node_id FROM  [City_Node] where ID=4))\n\nInsert into LivesIn_Edge values ((select $node_id FROM [City_Node] WHERE ID = 4),\n(select $node_id FROM  [City_Node] where ID=2))\n\nInsert into LivesIn_Edge values ((select $node_id FROM [City_Node] WHERE ID = 5),\n(select $node_id FROM  [City_Node] where ID=3))\n\nInsert into LivesIn_Edge values ((select $node_id FROM [City_Node] WHERE ID = 6),\n(select $node_id FROM  [City_Node] where ID=1))<\/pre>\n<p>After insert, SELECT From Nodes;<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \">SELECT * FROM [Personel_Node]\n\nSELECT * FROM [Company_Node]\n\nSELECT * FROM [City_Node]<\/pre>\n<p id=\"jueIzYY\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"753\" height=\"464\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14335  aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/img_5e00a9c0916df.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Select From Edge Tables;<\/p>\n<p id=\"tdlWZni\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-14336  aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/img_5e00a9ec88589.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"938\" height=\"374\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Now we need to write CQL and EXEC to get results from Graph. Our example is to get the names of employees working in a specific company. Accordingly, our CQL is;<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \">SELECT PN.name FROM [Personel_Node] PN, [WorksIn_Edge], [Company_Node] CN\nWHERE MATCH(PN-(WorksIn_Edge)-&gt;CN)\nAND CN.name='SQL Turkiye';<\/pre>\n<p id=\"QToHNdM\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"752\" height=\"365\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14337  aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/img_5e00aa52944a8.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>As seen in the graph above, we see that the query will need 1 index search.<\/p>\n<p>Now let&#8217;s work with different examples,<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \">SELECT CN.name FROM [Personel_Node] PN, [WorksIn_Edge], [Company_Node] CN\nWHERE MATCH(PN-(WorksIn_Edge)-&gt;CN)\nAND PN.name='Yusuf Kahveci';<\/pre>\n<p id=\"xVhOael\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"756\" height=\"204\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14338  aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/img_5e00ab7b5ce74.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \">select Personel_Node.name ,Company_Node.name\nFrom [Personel_Node] ,[WorksIn_Edge], [Company_Node] ,LocatedIn_Edge,[City_Node] \nwhere MATCH(Personel_Node-(WorksIn_Edge)-&gt;Company_Node and Company_Node-(LocatedIn_Edge)-&gt;City_Node )\nand WorksIn_Edge.year='2014' and Company_Node.name='Fabrikam Land'<\/pre>\n<p id=\"viCRWUf\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-14339  aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/img_5e00aba860167.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"871\" height=\"216\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_14331\" class=\"pvc_stats all  \" data-element-id=\"14331\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V108.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v230.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm-192 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V140.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v198.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm96 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V204.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v134.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zM496 400H48V80c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16H16C7.16 64 0 71.16 0 80v336c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h464c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-16c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16zm-387.2-48h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8v-70.4c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v70.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8z\" class=\"\"><\/path><\/svg><\/i> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif\" border=0 \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is GraphDB? GraphDB introduced in SQL Server 2017. We will examine GraphDB with examples in this article. At the end of the article, we will learn the architecture of GraphDB and how to query. In our article, we will also design a Normal table to address the difference between Relational DB and GraphDB. 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