{"id":14941,"date":"2020-02-11T10:44:44","date_gmt":"2020-02-11T10:44:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/?p=14941"},"modified":"2021-02-05T23:16:04","modified_gmt":"2021-02-05T23:16:04","slug":"oracle-date-functions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/index.php\/2020\/02\/11\/oracle-date-functions\/","title":{"rendered":"Oracle Date Functions"},"content":{"rendered":"

This article contains information about oracle date functions such as sysdate, last_day, add_months, extract.<\/p>\n

Oracle Date Functions<\/h2>\n

Oracle has several functions to operate on date and time data.<\/p>\n

ADD_MONTHS Function in Oracle<\/h3>\n

Adds specified number of months to the specified date value.<\/p>\n

SELECT ADD_MONTHS(15-Jan-19', 4) AS RESULT FROM DUAL;\r\nResult: '15-May-19'<\/pre>\n
CURRENT_DATE Function in Oracle<\/h3>\n
Returns the date information of the current session. If you change the time zone the result will change.<\/p>\n
SELECT CURRENT_DATE AS Result FROM DUAL;\r\nResult: 01\/01\/2020 01:00:00 AM\r\n\r\n--Here we are changing time zone 0 to 3\r\nALTER SESSION SET TIME_ZONE = '3:0';\r\n\r\nSELECT CURRENT_DATE AS Result FROM DUAL; \r\nResult: 01\/01\/2020 04:00:00 AM\r\n<\/pre>\n
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP Function in Oracle<\/h3>\n
Returns the date and time information of the current session. If you change the time zone the result will change.<\/p>\n
SELECT CURRENT_DATE AS Result FROM DUAL;\r\nResult:1-JAN-20 01.01.01.123456 PM 00:00\r\n\r\n--Here we are changing time zone 0 to 3 \r\nALTER SESSION SET TIME_ZONE = '3:0'; \r\n\r\nSELECT CURRENT_DATE AS Result FROM DUAL;\r\nResult:1-JAN-20 04.01.01.123456 PM 00:00\r\n<\/pre>\n
LOCALTIMESTAMP Function in Oracle<\/h3>\n
Its similar with CURRENT_TIMESTAMP Function. The difference is that the LOCALTIMESTAMP function returns a TIMESTAMP value but CURRENT_TIMESTAMP function returns a TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE.<\/p>\n
DBTIMEZONE Function in Oracle<\/h3>\n
Returns the timezone information of the database server. If you change the time zone of the database server, the result will change.<\/p>\n
SELECT DBTIMEZONE AS RESULT FROM DUAL;\r\nPossible Result: +00:00-> this may change according to your database server's timezone.<\/pre>\n
SYSDATE Function in Oracle<\/h3>\n
Returns the current system date and time information of your local server where the database resides..<\/p>\n
SELECT SYSDATE AS RESULT FROM DUAL;<\/pre>\n
SYSTIMESTAMP Function in Oracle<\/h3>\n
Returns the current system date and time information. It includes fractional seconds and time zone information of your local server where the database resides.<\/p>\n
SELECT SYSTIMESTAMP AS RESULT FROM DUAL;<\/pre>\n
EXTRACT Function in Oracle<\/h3>\n
It extracts the parts such as year, month, day and hour from date\/time information.<\/p>\n
SELECT EXTRACT(YEAR FROM DATE '2020-01-15')\r\nResult: 2020\r\n\r\nSELECT EXTRACT(MONTH FROM DATE '2020-01-15')\r\nResult: 1\r\n\r\nSELECT EXTRACT(DAY FROM DATE '2020-01-15')\r\nResult: 15<\/pre>\n
LAST_DAY Function in Oracle<\/h3>\n
Returns the last day of the specified month.<\/p>\n
SELECT LAST_DAY('15-JAN-20') AS RESULT FROM DUAL;\r\nResult: '31-JAN-20'<\/pre>\n
MONTHS_BETWEEN Function in Oracle<\/h3>\n
Returns the number of month between specified to to date.<\/p>\n
SELECT MONTHS_BETWEEN(TO_DATE('01-15-2020','MM-DD-YYYY'),\r\nTO_DATE('02-15-2020','MM-DD-YYYY') ) FROM DUAL; \r\nResult:-1 \r\n\r\nSELECT MONTHS_BETWEEN(TO_DATE('02-15-2020','MM-DD-YYYY'),\r\nTO_DATE('01-15-2020','MM-DD-YYYY') ) FROM DUAL; \r\nResult:1<\/pre>\n
NEW_TIME Function in Oracle<\/h3>\n
Converts the timezone of the date.<\/p>\n
SELECT NEW_TIME(TO_DATE('01-01-2020 01:00:00', \r\n'MM-DD-YY HH24:MI:SS'),'AST', 'ADT') \"New Timezone\" FROM DUAL;<\/pre>\n
You can find timezones in the below table.<\/p>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Timezone Value<\/th>\nTimeZone Description<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
AST<\/td>\nAtlantic Standard Time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ADT<\/td>\nAtlantic Daylight Time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
BST<\/td>\nBering Standard Time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
BDT<\/td>\nBering Daylight Time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CST<\/td>\nCentral Standard Time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CDT<\/td>\nCentral Daylight Time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
EST<\/td>\nEastern Standard Time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
EDT<\/td>\nEastern Daylight Time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
GMT<\/td>\nGreenwich Mean Time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
HST<\/td>\nAlaska-Hawaii Standard Time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
HDT<\/td>\nAlaska-Hawaii Daylight Time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
MST<\/td>\nMountain Standard Time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
MDT<\/td>\nMountain Daylight Time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
NST<\/td>\nNewfoundland Standard Time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PST<\/td>\nPacific Standard Time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PDT<\/td>\nPacific Daylight Time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
YST<\/td>\nYukon Standard Time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
YDT<\/td>\nYukon Daylight Time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
NEXT_DAY Function in Oracle<\/h3>\n
Returns the first weekday after the specified date.<\/p>\n
SELECT NEXT_DAY('23-Jan-20', 'TUESDAY') FROM DUAL;\r\nResult: '28-Jan-20'\r\n\r\nSELECT NEXT_DAY('14-Feb-20', 'THURSDAY') FROM DUAL;\r\nResult: '20-Feb-20'<\/pre>\n
Round Function with dates in Oracle<\/h3>\n
It rounds the date to new value(new month, new year) according to the second parameter.<\/p>\n
SELECT ROUND(TO_DATE ('15-JAN-2020'),'MONTH') \"New Month\",\r\nROUND(TO_DATE ('15-JAN-2020'),'YEAR') \"New Year\" FROM DUAL;\r\nNew Month      New Year\r\n------------  ------------\r\n01-FEB-2020   01-JAN-2021<\/pre>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Round Parameters<\/strong><\/td>\nValid formats<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Year<\/td>\nSYYYY, YYYY, YEAR, SYEAR, YYY, YY, Y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ISO Year<\/td>\nIYYY, IY, I<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Quarter<\/td>\nQ<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Month<\/td>\nMONTH, MON, MM, RM<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Week<\/td>\nWW<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
IW<\/td>\nIW<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
W<\/td>\nW<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Day<\/td>\nDDD, DD, J<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Start day of the week<\/td>\nDAY, DY, D<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hour<\/td>\nHH, HH12, HH24<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Minute<\/td>\nMI<\/p>\n
\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
SESSIONTIMEZONE Function in Oracle<\/h3>\n
Returns current session’s time zone information.<\/p>\n
SELECT SESSIONTIMEZONE FROM DUAL;\r\nResult: +03:00->this is possible result. It changes according to the session's time zone.<\/pre>\n
TRUNC Function with dates in Oracle<\/h3>\n
It truncs date according to the specified parameter. For example if you specify YEAR as paramater, it truncs the year of the date as seen below.<\/p>\n
SELECT TRUNC(TO_DATE('05-MAY-20'), 'YEAR') FROM DUAL;\r\nResult: '01-JAN-20'\r\n\r\nSELECT TRUNC(TO_DATE('05-MAY-20'), 'MONTH') FROM DUAL;\r\nResult: '01-MAY-20'<\/pre>\n
Other parameter you can use with Trunc function:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Trunc Parameters<\/th>\nValid formats<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Year<\/td>\nSYYYY, YYYY, YEAR, SYEAR, YYY, YY, Y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ISO Year<\/td>\nIYYY, IY, I<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Quarter<\/td>\nQ<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Month<\/td>\nMONTH, MON, MM, RM<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Week<\/td>\nWW<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
IW<\/td>\nIW<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
W<\/td>\nW<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Day<\/td>\nDDD, DD, J<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Start day of the week<\/td>\nDAY, DY, D<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hour<\/td>\nHH, HH12, HH24<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Minute<\/td>\nMI<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
TZ_OFFSET Function in Oracle<\/h3>\n
Returns timezone offset information of a value.<\/p>\n
SELECT TZ_OFFSET('US\/Arizona') FROM DUAL;\r\nResult: '-07:00'\r\n\r\nSELECT TZ_OFFSET('-07:00') FROM DUAL;\r\nResult: '-07:00'\r\n\r\nSELECT TZ_OFFSET(sessiontimezone) FROM DUAL;\r\nResult: '+03:00'<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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This article contains information about oracle date functions such as sysdate, last_day, add_months, extract. Oracle Date Functions Oracle has several functions to operate on date and time data. ADD_MONTHS Function in Oracle Adds specified number of months to the specified date value. SELECT ADD_MONTHS(15-Jan-19′, 4) AS RESULT FROM DUAL; Result: ’15-May-19′ CURRENT_DATE Function in Oracle …<\/p>\n
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