{"id":17144,"date":"2020-10-11T12:24:30","date_gmt":"2020-10-11T12:24:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/?p=17144"},"modified":"2020-10-11T15:21:44","modified_gmt":"2020-10-11T15:21:44","slug":"oracle-pl-sql-loops","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/index.php\/2020\/10\/11\/oracle-pl-sql-loops\/","title":{"rendered":"Oracle PL\/SQL Loops"},"content":{"rendered":"

This article contains information about PL\/SQL Loops such as WHILE, FOR and necessary statements for these loops like GOTO, Continue, EXIT.<\/p>\n

What is loop in PL SQL?<\/h3>\n

PL\/SQL Loops are structures used to run commands again until a certain condition is met.<\/p>\n

What are Oracle loops?<\/h2>\n

LOOP in Oracle<\/h3>\n

It is used to run the commands in the block continuously.<\/p>\n

LOOP\r\n    -- Commands\r\nEND LOOP;<\/pre>\n
NOTE:<\/strong> If the loop is not terminated with the EXIT keyword it will run continuously-infinitely. Example LOOP usage is as follows.<\/p>\n
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;\r\nBEGIN\r\n    LOOP\r\n        DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Hello Oracle!');\r\n        EXIT;\r\n    END LOOP;\r\nEND;<\/pre>\n
Example LOOP WHEN EXIT usage is as follows.<\/p>\n
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;\r\nDECLARE\r\n    v_number PLS_INTEGER := 1;\r\nBEGIN\r\n    LOOP\r\n        DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line(v_number);\r\n        v_number := v_number + 1;\r\n        EXIT WHEN v_number > 10;\r\n    END LOOP;\r\nEND;<\/pre>\n
WHILE LOOP in PL\/SQL<\/h3>\n
It is used to run the commands in the block until the condition is met.<\/p>\n
WHILE Your_Condition LOOP\r\n   -- Commands\r\nEND LOOP;<\/pre>\n
Example WHILE usage is as follows.<\/p>\n
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;\r\nDECLARE\r\n    v_number PLS_INTEGER := 1;\r\nBEGIN\r\n    WHILE v_number < 10 LOOP\r\n        DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Command executed ' ||v_number || ' times.');\r\n        v_number := v_number + 1;\r\n    END LOOP;\r\nEND;<\/pre>\n
FOR LOOP in PL\/SQL<\/h3>\n
It is used to run commands in the block as much as predetermined number.<\/p>\n
FOR Counter IN Start .. Finish LOOP\r\n   -- Commands\r\nEND LOOP;<\/pre>\n
Example FOR usage is as follows.<\/p>\n
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;\r\nDECLARE\r\n    v_number PLS_INTEGER := 1;\r\nBEGIN\r\n    FOR v_number IN 1 .. 10 LOOP\r\n        DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Command executed ' ||v_number || ' times.');\r\n    END LOOP;\r\nEND;<\/pre>\n
The number range can be a custom range.<\/p>\n
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;\r\nDECLARE\r\n    v_number PLS_INTEGER := 1;\r\nBEGIN\r\n    FOR v_number IN 100 .. 110 LOOP\r\n        DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line(v_number);\r\n    END LOOP;\r\nEND;<\/pre>\n
To reverse the start and end in the FOR loop<\/p>\n
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;\r\nDECLARE\r\n    v_number PLS_INTEGER := 1;\r\nBEGIN\r\n    FOR v_number IN REVERSE 100 .. 110 LOOP\r\n        DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line(v_number);\r\n    END LOOP;\r\nEND;<\/pre>\n
GOTO Statement in PL\/SQL<\/h3>\n
It is used to direct the command flow to a predetermined tag.<\/p>\n
GOTO tag<\/pre>\n
Example GOTO usage is as follows.<\/p>\n
BEGIN\r\n    GOTO second_command;\r\n\r\n    <<first_command>>\r\n    DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('first_command');\r\n    GOTO last_command;\r\n\r\n    <<second_command>>\r\n    DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('second_command');\r\n    GOTO first_command;\r\n\r\n    <<last_command>>\r\n    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('last_command');\r\nEND;<\/pre>\n
With GOTO, the loop can be created as follows.<\/p>\n
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;\r\nDECLARE\r\n    v_number PLS_INTEGER := 1;\r\nBEGIN\r\n    <<my_loop>>\r\n    IF v_number < 10 THEN\r\n        DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Command executed ' ||v_number || ' times.');\r\n        v_number := v_number +1;\r\n        GOTO my_loop;\r\n    END IF;\r\nEND;<\/pre>\n
NOTE:<\/strong> It is not recommended to use GOTO. Because GOTO complicates the command flow.<\/p>\n
EXIT Statement in PL\/SQL<\/h3>\n
It is used to exit the loop.<\/p>\n
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;\r\nDECLARE\r\n    v_number PLS_INTEGER := 1;\r\nBEGIN\r\n    FOR v_number IN 1 .. 10 LOOP\r\n        DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Command executed ' ||v_number || ' times.');\r\n        EXIT;\r\n    END LOOP;\r\nEND;<\/pre>\n
The WHEN keyword can be used to determine the condition.<\/p>\n
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;\r\nDECLARE\r\n    v_number PLS_INTEGER := 1;\r\nBEGIN\r\n    FOR v_number IN 1 .. 10 LOOP\r\n        DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Command executed ' ||v_number || ' times.');\r\n        EXIT WHEN v_number > 4;\r\n    END LOOP;\r\nEND;<\/pre>\n
Continue Statement in PL\/SQL<\/h3>\n
Its used to skip loop steps.<\/p>\n
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;\r\nDECLARE\r\n    v_number PLS_INTEGER := 1;\r\nBEGIN\r\n    FOR v_number IN 1 .. 10 LOOP\r\n        CONTINUE;\r\n        DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Command executed ' ||v_number || ' times.');\r\n    END LOOP;\r\nEND;<\/pre>\n
The WHEN keyword can be used to determine the condition.<\/p>\n
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;\r\nDECLARE\r\n    v_number PLS_INTEGER := 1;\r\nBEGIN\r\n    FOR v_number IN 1 .. 10 LOOP\r\n        CONTINUE WHEN v_number > 3;\r\n        DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Command executed ' ||v_number || ' times.');\r\n    END LOOP;\r\nEND;<\/pre>\n
Various operators can be used for a certain range.<\/p>\n
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;\r\nDECLARE\r\n    v_number PLS_INTEGER := 1;\r\nBEGIN\r\n    FOR v_number IN 1 .. 10 LOOP\r\n        CONTINUE WHEN v_number < 3 OR v_number > 5 ;\r\n        DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Command executed ' ||v_number || ' times.');\r\n    END LOOP;\r\nEND;<\/pre>\n
NOTE:<\/strong> The keyword CONTINUE must be added at the beginning of the commands. Otherwise, the step is skipped after the commands are executed.<\/p>\n
You can find more detailed information about below topics in the below link.<\/p>\n
PL\/SQL Tutorial<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n
You will find below topics in this article.<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. What is PL\/SQL<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n
  2. Oracle PL\/SQL Data Types and Variables and Literals<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n
  3. Oracle PL\/SQL Operators<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n
  4. Oracle PL\/SQL Conditional Statements<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n
  5. Oracle PL\/SQL Loops<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n
  6. Oracle PL\/SQL Procedures and Procedure Parameters<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n
  7. Oracle PL\/SQL Functions<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n
  8. Oracle PL\/SQL Cursor<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n
  9. Oracle PL\/SQL Records<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n
  10. Oracle PL\/SQL Exception<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n
  11. Oracle PL\/SQL Trigger<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n
  12. Oracle PL\/SQL Packages<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n
  13. Oracle PL\/SQL Collections<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    You can find more information about loops at docs.oracle.com<\/a><\/p>\n
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    This article contains information about PL\/SQL Loops such as WHILE, FOR and necessary statements for these loops like GOTO, Continue, EXIT. What is loop in PL SQL? PL\/SQL Loops are structures used to run commands again until a certain condition is met. What are Oracle loops? LOOP in Oracle It is used to run the …<\/p>\n
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