{"id":6915,"date":"2018-12-26T07:56:22","date_gmt":"2018-12-26T07:56:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/?p=6915"},"modified":"2020-08-18T09:07:33","modified_gmt":"2020-08-18T09:07:33","slug":"tip-sp_validatelogins-and-sp_change_users_login","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dbtut.com\/index.php\/2018\/12\/26\/tip-sp_validatelogins-and-sp_change_users_login\/","title":{"rendered":"Tip: “sp_validatelogins” and “sp_change_users_login”(Orphaned Users in SQL Server)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Detect Orphaned Windows Logins(sp_validatelogins)<\/h3>\n

With this system SP, you can identify Windows Logins that have been deleted from Active Directory on a SQL Server Instance.<\/p>\n

You can run SP under the “master” database, if you have a Windows Login deleted from Active Directory, then this SP returns a result as follows:<\/p>\n

SID NT Login\n0x010500000000000515000000AE78308265B37A613F005BB0A00C0000 CONTOSO\\ONSOYEK<\/pre>\n
This Login is not linked to any Active Directory user, so it does not work any good, so it can be easily deleted.<\/p>\n
For more information about this SP, read Books Online:http:\/\/msdn.microsoft.com\/en-us\/library\/ms181728.aspx<\/p>\n
You can also compare this SP to the “sp_change_users_login” system SP. With sp_change_users_login, you can also identify orphaned SQL Users at the database level and map them to their Login.<\/p>\n
What is Orphaned Users in SQL Server<\/h3>\n
If you create a login and map this login to a database, sql server creates a user in that database for mapping loggins and users. And when you delete the login mapped to that database, sql server doesnt delete the user in the database. So this user in the database no longer related to with a login in the instance. its orphaned now.<\/p>\n
Find Orphaned Users in SQL Server(sp_change_users_login)<\/h3>\n
To detect orphaned SQL users in a database, you can run a command as follows:<\/p>\n
USE\u00a0database_name\nGO\nEXEC sp_change_users_login 'report'\nGO<\/pre>\n
If a result returns, then this means that there are orphaned SQL Users in that database.<\/p>\n
sp_change_users_login is not working<\/h3>\n
Since sp_change_users_login is depreceated, it may not return any result for your system. You can use below script. I stole this script from below link.<\/p>\n
https:\/\/www.mssqltips.com\/sqlservertip\/2624\/script-to-find-and-drop-all-orphaned-users-in-all-sql-server-databases\/<\/a><\/p>\n
Use master\nGo\nCreate Table #Orphans \n (\n  RowID     int not null primary key identity(1,1) ,\n  TDBName varchar (100),\n  UserName varchar (100),\n  UserSid varbinary(85)\n )\nSET NOCOUNT ON \n DECLARE @DBName sysname, @Qry nvarchar(4000)\n SET @Qry = ''\n SET @DBName = ''\n WHILE @DBName IS NOT NULL\n BEGIN\n   SET @DBName = \n     (\n  SELECT MIN(name) \n   FROM master..sysdatabases \n   WHERE\n   \/** to exclude named databases add them to the Not In clause **\/\n   name NOT IN \n     (\n      'model', 'msdb', \n      'distribution'\n     ) And \n     DATABASEPROPERTY(name, 'IsOffline') = 0 \n     AND DATABASEPROPERTY(name, 'IsSuspect') = 0 \n     AND name > @DBName\n      )\n   IF @DBName IS NULL BREAK\n         \n                Set @Qry = 'select ''' + @DBName + ''' as DBName, name AS UserName, \n                sid AS UserSID from [' + @DBName + ']..sysusers \n                where issqluser = 1 and (sid is not null and sid <> 0x0) \n                and suser_sname(sid) is null order by name'\n Insert into #Orphans Exec (@Qry)\n \n End\nSelect * from #Orphans\n\/** To drop orphans uncomment this section \nDeclare @SQL as varchar (200)\nDeclare @DDBName varchar (100)\nDeclare @Orphanname varchar (100)\nDeclare @DBSysSchema varchar (100)\nDeclare @From int\nDeclare @To int\nSelect @From = 0, @To = @@ROWCOUNT \nfrom #Orphans\n--Print @From\n--Print @To\nWhile @From < @To\n Begin\n  Set @From = @From + 1\n  \n  Select @DDBName = TDBName, @Orphanname = UserName from #Orphans\n   Where RowID = @From\n      \n   Set @DBSysSchema = '[' + @DDBName + ']' + '.[sys].[schemas]'\n   print @DBsysSchema\n   Print @DDBname\n   Print @Orphanname\n   set @SQL = 'If Exists (Select * from ' + @DBSysSchema \n                          + ' where name = ''' + @Orphanname + ''')\n    Begin\n     Use ' + @DDBName \n                                        + ' Drop Schema [' + @Orphanname + ']\n    End'\n   print @SQL\n   Exec (@SQL)\n     \n    Begin Try\n     Set @SQL = 'Use ' + @DDBName \n                                        + ' Drop User [' + @Orphanname + ']'\n     Exec (@SQL)\n    End Try\n    Begin Catch\n    End Catch\n   \n End\n**\/\n \nDrop table #Orphans<\/pre>\n
If you dont want to deleted orphaned users and match a login with the orphaned user you should use below script. I suggest using ALTER statement instead of sp_change_users_login due to it is depreceated.<\/p>\n
USE\u00a0database_name\nGO\nEXEC sp_change_users_login 'Auto_Fix', 'user_name'\nGO<\/pre>\n
In SQL Server 2008 and later versions, you can do the same with the following command:<\/p>\n
ALTER USER test WITH LOGIN = test<\/pre>\n
In summary, sp_validateusers is used to detect orphaned Windows Logins; sp_change_users_login can also be used to identify orphaned SQL Users.<\/p>\n\n
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Detect Orphaned Windows Logins(sp_validatelogins) With this system SP, you can identify Windows Logins that have been deleted from Active Directory on a SQL Server Instance. You can run SP under the “master” database, if you have a Windows Login deleted from Active Directory, then this SP returns a result as follows: SID NT Login 0x010500000000000515000000AE78308265B37A613F005BB0A00C0000 …<\/p>\n
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